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不定式作状语是高考语法重点,暑假班英语特级教师张老师给出详细解析。8 h6 y' |7 O# ]9 \* U
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He sat down to have a rest. (表目的)- {/ H/ d6 r; _9 q% o( Y& v. C6 E
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They went there to visit their teacher.
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他们去那里拜访老师。(表目的)
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" T8 S9 i( Z5 ^9 b He woke up only / just to find everybody gone.8 ^3 k2 D3 q/ v1 m
. ~0 Z% b9 ~0 ~2 U4 @+ R( P( y 他醒来发现大家都走了。(表示结果)
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/ ?1 f! Q* @% @* Y7 I My grandmother lived to see the liberation of China.
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我祖母活到亲眼见到中国解放。(表示结果): d& ~' P9 p- {0 [0 H b, `
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在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因。如:- x$ S$ ~* p- n9 @! P$ S4 E
- b' a4 c0 m% }1 g; y' Z I am very glad to see you. 我非常高兴地见到你。
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! d C" ~ D0 c P& Y* x( X. h I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 听到你母亲生病真遗憾。2 `' I6 E) O0 k& \. |
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在带有enough 或too的句子里,也常用不定式作状语,表示程度。如:
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M) h9 V8 l& v) Z5 Q7 v$ W9 P He was too excited not to say a few words.) o% Q* I- |! K# w# S2 s6 I
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他太激动了,不会不讲几句话的。
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He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。
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She is too tired to do the job. 她太累而不能做那件工作了。5 `$ ?6 |# x3 m+ K( O, g
) F, f l) o$ {- I 注意:强调动词不定式所表示的目的时,动词不定式可用in order to (为了) 或so as to (以便) + 动词原形。so as to 不用于句首。
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He got up early in order to catch the first bus.
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他早起为了赶上第一班车。
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The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers.! i1 e2 d! J/ m; Z, f0 m
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汽车停下来以便接纳乘客。
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' [ [1 e0 ~$ V+ q/ w# y To look at him, you would like him. (表条件)( e0 i8 P7 x; |1 ]. t5 p
: r. v; k5 ?/ O+ t To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.
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* A8 K$ }- s" c/ l# R. ^ To be honest, I know nothing about it. (修饰全句,独立成分)
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